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Exxon Mobil is the largest publicly traded oil and gas company in the world. The company operates across the entire energy value chain — upstream exploration and production, downstream refining and marketing, and chemical manufacturing. ExxonMobil also has growing low-carbon investments.

Chevron is one of the largest integrated oil and gas companies in the world, with upstream exploration and production operations in the Permian Basin, Gulf of Mexico, Australia (LNG), Kazakhstan, and other regions. Its downstream refining operations produce gasoline, jet fuel, and petrochemicals, while chemicals and lubricants generate additional revenue. Chevron is one of the most financially disciplined major oil companies, known for variable dividend commitments and share buybacks tied to cash flow. Chevron attempted to acquire Hess Corporation in 2023, which faced arbitration complications related to Guyana.

Baker Hughes is one of the world's largest oilfield services and industrial energy technology companies. The company serves upstream oil and gas customers with drilling, completion, and production services, while its Industrial and Energy Technology (IET) segment provides LNG equipment, gas turbines, and industrial services for energy transition applications. Baker Hughes is positioning itself as an energy technology company extending beyond traditional oilfield services into LNG, hydrogen, carbon capture, and power generation.